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实战演练：C语言面向对象编程模拟试题集锦

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1. 题目一：设计一个简单的学生类

题目描述： 设计一个名为Student的类，包含以下属性：姓名（name）、年龄（age）和成绩（score）。同时，实现以下方法：设置姓名、年龄和成绩，获取姓名、年龄和成绩，以及计算平均成绩。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct {
    char name[50];
    int age;
    float score;
} Student;

void setStudentInfo(Student *s, const char *name, int age, float score) {
    strcpy(s->name, name);
    s->age = age;
    s->score = score;
}

void getStudentInfo(const Student *s) {
    printf("Name: %s\n", s->name);
    printf("Age: %d\n", s->age);
    printf("Score: %.2f\n", s->score);
}

float calculateAverageScore(const Student *s) {
    return s->score;
}

int main() {
    Student s;
    setStudentInfo(&s, "Alice", 20, 90.5);
    getStudentInfo(&s);
    printf("Average Score: %.2f\n", calculateAverageScore(&s));
    return 0;
}

2. 题目二：设计一个图书管理类

题目描述： 设计一个名为Library的类，包含以下属性：图书列表（books）和图书数量（bookCount）。实现以下方法：添加图书、删除图书、查找图书和显示所有图书。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct {
    char title[100];
    char author[100];
} Book;

typedef struct {
    Book *books;
    int bookCount;
} Library;

void addBook(Library *library, const char *title, const char *author) {
    library->books = realloc(library->books, (library->bookCount + 1) * sizeof(Book));
    strcpy(library->books[library->bookCount].title, title);
    strcpy(library->books[library->bookCount].author, author);
    library->bookCount++;
}

void deleteBook(Library *library, const char *title) {
    for (int i = 0; i < library->bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(library->books[i].title, title) == 0) {
            for (int j = i; j < library->bookCount - 1; j++) {
                library->books[j] = library->books[j + 1];
            }
            library->bookCount--;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void findBook(const Library *library, const char *title) {
    for (int i = 0; i < library->bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(library->books[i].title, title) == 0) {
            printf("Found: %s by %s\n", library->books[i].title, library->books[i].author);
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("Book not found.\n");
}

void displayBooks(const Library *library) {
    for (int i = 0; i < library->bookCount; i++) {
        printf("%d. %s by %s\n", i + 1, library->books[i].title, library->books[i].author);
    }
}

int main() {
    Library library;
    library.books = NULL;
    library.bookCount = 0;

    addBook(&library, "C Programming Language", "Kernighan and Ritchie");
    addBook(&library, "The C++ Programming Language", "Stroustrup");
    displayBooks(&library);

    findBook(&library, "C Programming Language");
    deleteBook(&library, "The C++ Programming Language");
    displayBooks(&library);

    return 0;
}

3. 题目三：设计一个银行账户类

题目描述： 设计一个名为BankAccount的类，包含以下属性：账户号（accountNumber）、账户余额（balance）和密码（password）。实现以下方法：创建账户、存款、取款和查询余额。

代码示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct {
    int accountNumber;
    float balance;
    char password[50];
} BankAccount;

BankAccount *createAccount(int accountNumber, const char *password) {
    BankAccount *account = (BankAccount *)malloc(sizeof(BankAccount));
    account->accountNumber = accountNumber;
    strcpy(account->password, password);
    account->balance = 0.0;
    return account;
}

void deposit(BankAccount *account, float amount) {
    account->balance += amount;
}

void withdraw(BankAccount *account, float amount) {
    if (account->balance >= amount) {
        account->balance -= amount;
    } else {
        printf("Insufficient funds.\n");
    }
}

void checkBalance(const BankAccount *account) {
    printf("Account Number: %d\n", account->accountNumber);
    printf("Balance: %.2f\n", account->balance);
}

int main() {
    BankAccount *account = createAccount(123456, "password123");
    deposit(account, 1000.0);
    withdraw(account, 200.0);
    checkBalance(account);

    free(account);
    return 0;
}

总结

以上是三个关于C语言面向对象编程的模拟试题，通过这些题目，你可以了解到如何使用C语言实现面向对象编程的基本概念。在实际开发中，面向对象编程可以帮助你更好地组织代码，提高代码的可维护性和可扩展性。希望这些题目能够帮助你巩固面向对象编程的知识。

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